Python ConfigParser模块常用方法示例

在程序中使用配置文件来灵活的配置一些参数是一件很常见的事情,配置文件的解析并不复杂,在Python里更是如此,在官方发布的库中就包含有做这件事情的库,那就是ConfigParser,这里简单的做一些介绍。

Python ConfigParser模块解析的配置文件的格式比较象ini的配置文件格式,就是文件中由多个section构成,每个section下又有多个配置项.

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[db]    
db_host=192.168.1.1
db_port=3306
db_user=root
db_pass=password
[concurrent]
thread=200
processor=400

假设上面的配置文件的名字为test.conf。里面包含两个section,一个是db, 另一个是concurrent, db里面还包含有4项,concurrent里面有两项。这里来做做解析:

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#-*- encoding: utf-8 -*-    
import ConfigParser,string,os,sys
cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
cf.read("test.conf")

# 返回所有的section
s = cf.sections()
print 'section:', s
o = cf.options("db")
print 'options:', o
v = cf.items("db")
print 'db:', v
print '-'*60

#可以按照类型读取出来
db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")
db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")
db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")
db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")

# 返回的是整型的
threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")
processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")
print "db_host:", db_host
print "db_port:", db_port
print "db_user:", db_user
print "db_pass:", db_pass
print "thread:", threads
print "processor:", processors

#修改一个值,再写回去
cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

#添加一个section。(同样要写回)
cf.add_section('liuqing')
cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15')
cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true')
cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415')
cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')
cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python')
cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

#移除section 或者option 。(只要进行了修改就要写回的哦)
cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')
cf.remove_section('liuqing')
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

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