sshpass 的使用

​ ssh远程连接时，每次都提示需要输入密码。需要ssh到多台机器时很不方便。sshpass可以解决这个问题。sshpass可以实现ssh的自动的登录。直接在命令里输入密码，但是安全性的问题需要自己判断。

安装

1. Installing on Ubuntu

   apt-get install sshpass

2. Installing on OS X

   • 开始之前需要安装install xcode and command line tools.

   • 之后安装Installing with Homebrew

   • 由于安全问题，brew 官方默认不允许安装，可以尝试如下方法：

   brew install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kadwanev/bigboybrew/master/Library/Formula/sshpass.rb

3. 源码安装

   • Download the Source Code
   • Extract it and cd into the directory
   • ./configure
   • sudo make install

用法介绍

[[email protected] ~]# sshpass --help
sshpass: invalid option -- '-'
Usage: sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] command parameters
   -f filename   Take password to use from file
   -d number     Use number as file descriptor for getting password
   -p password   Provide password as argument (security unwise)
   -e            Password is passed as env-var "SSHPASS"
   With no parameters - password will be taken from stdin
   -h            Show help (this screen)
   -V            Print version information
At most one of -f, -d, -p or -e should be used

-p password #后跟密码
[[email protected] ~]# sshpass -p 123456 ssh [email protected]
Last login: Wed Apr 16 15:35:22 2014 from 192.168.56.1
[[email protected] ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.
-f filename #后跟保存密码的文件名，密码是文件内容的第一行。
[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt
123456
[[email protected] ~]# sshpass -f 1.txt  ssh [email protected]
Last login: Fri Apr 18 13:48:20 2014 from 192.168.56.101
[[email protected] ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.
-e #将环境变量SSHPASS作为密码
[[email protected] ~]# export SSHPASS=123456
[[email protected] ~]# sshpass -e  ssh [email protected]
Last login: Fri Apr 18 13:51:45 2014 from 192.168.56.101
[[email protected] ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.56.102 closed.

如果在多台主机执行命令：

[[email protected] ~]# cat a.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in $(cat /root/1.txt)
do
    echo $i
    sshpass -p123456 ssh root@$i 'ls -l'
done